Five filters of Propaganda model

Noam Chomsky's Manufacturing Consent...
This is very interesting topic to know about how main stream media operate and work.
First of that let we know lit bit about the author's :

Noam Chomsky is the most well-known linguist, historian, and cognitive scientist, he is also a famous critic of American foreign policy, and notable for his political views.
And his Co-author
Edward S. Herman is a media analyst and professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business. He’s done some work on genocide, but Manufacturing Consent is his most well-known work.

The book Manufacturing Consent: the Political Economy of Mass Media written in 1988 is the analysis of American mass media, describing the effects of news media on the functions of democracy and it's concern with cultures, society and power structure. In Manufacturing Consent Chomsky develops the propaganda model with ‘five filters’, which determine ways that the government and powerful private organization try to get its message and news to the public.
Manufacturing Consent ‘s main contribution is the development of the “Propaganda Model”, an system for examining the media and how it caters to powerful interests in society rather than serving a truth-telling role.

The propaganda model argues that “the raw material of news” passes through five filters that ultimately shape the news audiences receive. These filters determine what events are deemed newsworthy, how they are covered, where they are placed within the media and how much coverage they receive.

These  five filters expose how the media is controlled and completely infiltrated by corporations, governments, and the elite.

The model tries to understand how the population is manipulated, and how the social, economic, political attitudes are fashioned in the minds of people through propaganda. Although this is mostly concentrated on American population and media for their research but this theory is universally applicable.
The five filters are:
Size, Ownership and Profit orientation of mass media
The major media organizations are in the hands of a few elites. The major news channels, newspapers and other mass media instruments are a part of large corporation and conglomerations. The information presented to the public will be varying as per the interests of these organizations. As a part of maximizing profit they sacrifice some news objectives. The extensive financial interests of these organizations may endanger the quality of news. It is common around the world that the medias in the hands of government being puppets.
Example: Corporate organization who owns media never publishes the financial details, which may endanger them.
Funding
The advertisements play the major role of funding in mass media. If advertisements were not funding mass media, then price of the newspapers may include cost of its production and also it’s applicable for other mass media like Television, Radio and electronic media. So it is common that the media filters the news, in favor of their advertisement providers. The ethics of the mass media is often modified for their existence by media.
Example: A corporate organization may threaten the media saying that they will withdraw advertising contract if the media publishes any news which damage the reputation of the organization.
Source
Even the biggest media organizations cannot afford to have reporters and camera persons where ever the news breaks. There will be some sources for news and the media is supposed to protect these sources and in the same time there will be some powerful sources which tend to change the policies of media. For availing a continuous flow of news, the media take suitable actions in favor of source. The relationships have to be maintained with these sources and it is common that the news are published keeping the ‘source’ in mind.
Example: The spokesperson of a prime minister or president is considered as a powerful source of news. For making sure of a proper flow of news the organizations keeps the sources delighted by fine-tuning the news.
Flaks
Flaks refer to the negative responses to the statement or programme published or broadcasted. If the flaks are produced in a large scale it is destructive to the media. The media will always have an eye for the negative responses. It will have a through look on the materials and news before it publishes or broadcasts some news about a publically loved figure. As a filter it will try to avoid the news items which may bring sorts of negative responses.
Example: Most of the media never publishes news projecting negative image of religious leaders without strong evidence. Because it may harm the reputation of media organization among the public.
an external enemy or threat /Anti-communism
As far as the American corporations and elite groups are concerned the communism was an ultimate evil because it took their wealth and power from them, it threatened their superior positions and high class. So the elites who are the owners of media adopted a policy to bring censorship to the articles and news which talks about the good side of communism. The American elite even feared the word commune. This is the fifth filter in propaganda model suggested by
Example: The news which says about the commune living of workers was never allowed to publish in America. Because they were afraid of a revolt by the workers if such articles and news are disseminated.
Herman and Chomsky’s five filters question the reliability of the mainstream media. They examine the power which the media can have over the public. They imply that the media uses manipulative techniques and unconfirmed reporting. The mainstream media is portrayed as a wolf in sheep’s clothing, in the sense that the media are appearing to be all knowing informers and friends to the public, in reality, they may be using the public to further their own power and success.
Hope you understand te concept of Manufacture Consent.
Thank you.