Krantijyoti Savitri Bai Phule

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Savitir bai Phule: The first female teacher of Modern India

Gulshan Udham:
The 8th of march marks International women day and everyone celebrated it in its own way.
Yes it must be celebrated; this is because it is the symbol of struggle and unity not only for the women but for the whole humankind.
You know pioneer of feminist warrior Clara Zetkin, Roza lexumberg and many others lead the Librations of women movement and fight for the equal rights for the women as well men.
But you know,  In India if women are able to getting education , able to read and write. It is all due to the tireless struggle and efforts of Savitribai Phule, who open the first school for girls in 1848 in Pune. and also recognized as the first teacher and principal of Modern India. She was the one who extending the threshold of the house and the public life of Indian women let begins.
She is earliest feminist pioneers, one who fought fearlessly against the twin oppressions of gender and cast in her whole life. She sparks the revolution of women’s education in India and makes a difference to the generation of Indian women who came after her.
 From a tender age, Savitri bai showed an interest in educating herself. This, for women especially from an oppressed caste, was nothing short of revolutionary. Her husband Jyotiba phule assisted in her effort, teaching her to read and write. After completing the education, Savitribai began training teacher. In 1847, She passed all her exam and became certified to be a teacher. And in januray 1st, 1848, Savitribai and Jyotiba phule started the first school for girls in Bhidewada, Pune.
Offcourse, orthodox upper caste people did not take kindly to a Bahujan women teaching and educating girls. They pelt stone, mud, cow dung on her way to school. And it is said that she would carry two saris when she went to school, and changing out of the soiled sari at once she reached.
She would say, ‘As I do the sacred task of teaching for my fellow sisters, the stones or cow dung that you throw at me seems like flowers. God bless you!
The life struggle of Savitribai phule is not easy. Due to the outrage of their work, Savitribai & Jyotiba phule were thrown out of their house by Jyotiba’s father.
Still resolute, they moved and opened another schools for adults in Pune for the Dalit-Bahujan community.
At the house of Usman Sheikh and his sister Fatima Sheikh. They taught at the school with Fatima Sheikh, who became the first Muslim women teacher of India.
From a single school with 8 girls in 1848, Savitirbai was running 3 schools with about 150 girls by 1851, amazing.
In 1852, Savitribai started a woman’s right organization called Mahila Seva Mandal and organized a successful babrber’s strike to protect the practice of shaving widow’s heads.
In 1863, she started an Infaticide Prohibition Home for pregnant widows to provide them a safe space to give birth without the fear of society.
At the time when even the shadow of untouchables was considered impure when the people were unwilling to offer water to thirsty untouchables, The young couple Phule opened the well in their house for the use of untouchables.
When Jyotibai passed away on Nov 28th, 1890 Savitribai broke all norms and lit his funeral pyre. She also took over the running of their social organization Satyashodhak Samaj.
Her adopted son Yashwant Rao and went to became a doctor. In 1897, a wave of bubonic plague hit Nallaspora. While taking care of afflicted Savitir bai contracted the disease herself. She succumbed to the disease and died on March 10th, 1897. Today’s her 121st death anniversary day.
Her legacy has been memorialized in statues, stamps, university  , organization names. Women education in India is indevted to the tireless work of Savitribai Phule. Shouldn’t January 3rd, her birth anniversary be celebrated as Teacher’s Day.
Savitirbai was also a poet and wrote poetry stressing on the need for education and the oppression faced by marginalized castes.
This is all for today, I am going to end this program with her poem.
Go, get education
Be self-reliant, be industrious
Work, gather wisdom and riches,
All gets lost without knowledge
We become animal without wisdom,
Sit idle no more, go, get education
End misery of the oppressed and forsaken,
You’ve got a golden chance to learn
So learn and break the chains of caste.
 Jai Savitri, Jai Bhim…

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